Piston-ring.



UEITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

WILLXAM, R. s'rarCxLnNn, or CLEVELAND, omo, ASSIGNOR To THE PEEELEss MOTOR GAR COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION or OHIO.

PISTON-RING.

Specification of Letters 4Patent.

Patented Dec. 1o, 191s.

application mea January aim. seran No, 810,742.

ton-Rings, of which the following is a full,l

clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to piston rings and has for its chief object to so arrange a plurality of coaeting rings in theV groove of a piston that leakage is prevented in a more effective manner thanheretofore.

In accordance with my invention, I provide in the piston groove, a plurality of rings, two of which are arranged side by side and'inV contact with each other, with the breaksor joints cieumferentially displaced, together with means consisting preferably' of a third rin arranged at the side of one of said pair o rings for producing a lateral wedging action, so as to press the 4two rings firmly together and against the adjacent wall of the groove in such a way that leakage of" gas through the breaks or oints in the rings, at vwhich points leakage generally takes place,'is practically eliminated.

I may utilize simply three rings which will suffice for ordinary pressures, but forhigh. pressures, I prefer to utilize inthe groove five rin s, two of which are arranged on each side o the wedgingy ring, as will be more fully explained hereafter. j

My invention may be further briey sum,-` Inarizedy as consisting in certain novel details of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts which will be del; scribed in the specification, and set forth in the ap ended claims.-

In jt e accompanying sheet of drawings, Figure. 1 is an elevation with parts in section of a piston equipped with my invention.; Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the use of five rings.

Referring now to the drawings, replef sente the piston, which may be the piston oi an internal combustion engine, and which is provided with a istonlrng groove, in

which according to title invention vas shown in Fig- 1, are arranged three split. springrings 12,13 and 14,.. AThe two rings 12 and 13 are arranged side'by side with their flat faces in engagement with each other, and with the ring 12 bearing against the adjacent end wall of the groove, these rings being of the same diameter.

The `ring 14 which is of less diameter than the rings 12 and 13,

is employed for the purpose ofproducing a lateral wedging act1on,tl1e.1nne`r face or side of this ring and the adjacentcontacting face 'or Side of vring 13 being tapered in such a manner that the-tendency of the ringy 14 to spring outward, produces a Wedging action, which causes the rings 12- and 13 to bear firmly against each other, and the ring 14 to bear firmly against the adjacent end wall of the groove. The breaks or 'joints l5 in`- thethree rings are preferably displaced circumferentially, it being particularly important that the breaks in the rings 12 and 13 be circumferentially displaced. iVith the present arrangement, leakage through the joints is minimized, due to the fact that the joint in each of the rings 12 and 13 is very effectively sealed' by the other ring.

I am aware that it has been proposed heretofore to prevent leakage by the use of three coacting rings, but the arrangement of rings heretofore suggested has not produced the desired result, for the reason that thejrings have not been properly arranged or constructed. For example, it has been proposed to place the wedging ring between the other two rings, but as the Wedging 'ring must be of less diameter than the other two rings, if any wedginy action is to beproduced, the joints in t e other two rings are not sealed, and gas may .escape by passing through the joint of one ring, and thence circumferentially around the space between the middle ring of smaller diameter and the cylinder wall, and thence through the joint in the third ring. However, by placingthe two rings of equal diameter side by side, and

, by the use of a third wedging ring which groove 11 of the piston 10 is provided with -verings 16, 17, 18, 19,20, the rings 16 and 17, and the rings 19 and 20 are of the same well known ways,

tained, and which has diameter, and all four are adapted to bear against thil wall ofthe cylinder, the rings of each pair having their breaks or joints displaced circiinifei'entially. lThe ring 18 which is arranged between the two pairs 16,

and 17,-19 and 20 isa wedging ring which is of less diameter than the' other rings, in order that the wedgi notion may be atngoth f il@ .Side faces tapered and engaging correspondingly tu' vpered faces of. the rings 17 and 19, In consequence, with this construction, ,the rings qf.each pair are held firmly toiether, and' each end ring is pressed against t e adjacent end wall of the groove, with the result that there is provided a double seal or double rotection against leakage.

.i The breaks 9i' joints in the rings may be I ranged side by side, the breaks or joints in the ringe displaced circumferentially, and a third splitl ring engaging one of said first ,and having with the latter' named ri tapered faces so tion` is produced.

2. In combination that a lateral wedging iacwith a pistoiihavinga piston ring groove, a plurality of split rings in the groove including two rings of' uniform external diameter arranged side by Y t ie breaks in the rings of each ircnmferentially, and a fifth ring inw/,ias

side. with the joints or splits in the rings displaced'cireninferentiallyi and a third spilt ring engaging one only of the other two rings. sind third ring heini: of less ghnmcter than the other two rings, and sind .third rin and the ring which it engages having incined faces which press vthe 'other two i'ings togetliei-, and press one of .the other two rings against the wall of the groove 21d- ]acent thereto.

3. In combination with a piston having il piston ring )oints of the rings ofench pair being diss placed circnmferentially. and means between the two pairs of rings for spreading the two pairs so that thoy rings of each pair are pressed against each other and so that the end rings of the two pairs are pressed against the end walls ofthe roove.l

4. In combination with a piston having n piston ring groove, ii plurality of split rings in the groove comprising two pairs of rings, pair being ad .C ,aiiapgegihetiveen the two pairs and engaging ring of Aeach pair, said fifth Vring and the rings which it engages having inaimed faces so that a lateral wedging action jg prgiinggl by said fifth ring', pressing the rin s of nach pair together, and pressing the en drin i of ine two pairs against the' end walls o the gi-Qsyf In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the present-e at W0 Witnesses WILLI M 1B. STBICKLAND. Witnesses:

L. I. Poirriin, A. F. Kwis.

groove, two Apairs of; split' spring rings in the groove, 'thev lieik 91,. 

